Global Economics and the Energy Policies in the US Essay

Global Economics and the Energy Policies in the US - Essay Example Based on reports the real energy revolution lies here unlike the much-touted green energy being sold by the US government. President George W. Bush administration had the solution of investing in new green technology in the production of energy. Although the strategy did not yield a lot of results, Obama’s administration did double spending on these forms of energy without much success. The energy policies adopted by the UK government over the years have been on green energy which only contributed to increased energy costs. Energy production is set to change in the future and the United State will lead the revolution. This change is massive and it cannot be easily stopped by anyone including environmentalists since technology and demand have changed over the years. Despite the fact that fracking contributes to decreased emission levels compared to old energy sources such as coal. The deployment of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) has created a potential for unconventional oil deposits from shale to be tapped. Most governments are opposed to this technology and imposed restrictions on the use of the technology (Wall Street Journal, 2012, 1). Countries like France and the UK are among the countries that can be oil sufficient yet they continue to adopt costly and ineffective green energy. The presence of technology and resources such as Shale sho uld give a boost to countries to bring about an energy revolution. Politicians being the decision makers should be among the first people to adopt the changes in the oil industry. For instance, in the United States, the Obama administration should support the new revolution instead of imposing federal restrictions. Politicians have a tendency of taking credit for successes they were not involved in envisaging or supporting.

Parkinson disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parkinson disease - Essay Example The disease causes severe disability and is associated with high morbidity and mortality if untreated (Wirdefeldt, 2). Introduction of levodopa has decreased deaths and disability associated with the disease significantly. In this project, the clinical presentation, epidemiology, risk factors, treatment options and public education of Parkinson disease will be discussed with reference to recent literature. The exact etiology of the disease is yet unclear. It is likely that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease. In about 10 percent of the cases, genetic factors account for the disease development (Bekris, 228). Environmental risk factors include rural environment, exposure to pesticides and herbicides, well water consumption and living in proximity to quarries and industrial plants. Biochemical mechanisms of disease development include 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) accumulation in mitochondria and free radical damage due to dopamines oxidative metabolism (Wirdefeldt, 3). Genetic factors are important in early onset Parkinsons disease rather than in late onset disease type (Bekris, 229). Parkinson disease is a disease of basal ganglia. The main neuropathological findings in this condition are presence of Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons that are pigmented in the substantia nigra (Wirdefeldt, 3). The first clinical signs in Parkinson disease are motor signs. The signs are asymmetric. The first clinical symptom in most individuals is asymmetric resting tremor in the upper extremity. Eventually, the patients develop progressive bradykinesia, rigidity and difficulty in gait. Gradually, the axial posture flexes progressively and the strides progressively become shorter. Non-motor clinical symptoms include decrease in olfactory function, rapid eye movement behavior disorder, sleep disturbances, slowness in thinking,

Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project - Essay Example Due to the introduction of Garnier product, coloring has produced 1.4 billion dollars value of big business. People ranging from 18-24 years are mainly targeted by the product. Due to the Garnier introduction, retailers have felt good concerning the hair category future. Garnier has shown a well-built stand in the international market by getting a lot of profit. The sales of the Olay Regenerist Micro-sculpting cream moisturize in the Australian market is $15. In addition, the Superstructure cream goes for $15. Many Garnier Skin Naturals Youthful Radiance Multi-action Night creams are priced at $8 in the Australian market while most of the Nivea Visage products are been sold at $10. It is one of the successful skin care products in the world currently. Garnier is reliable and has a very well built brand name that is famously known globally. On the other hand, Garnier mainly puts more stress on the natural attractiveness of individuals. By using celebrities in marketing of Garnier, it has enabled it to be a strong brand in the market. Strength of the product is the good financial background of the company that leads in the advertising of the product. The products issued by the Garnier Company are not difficult when using them and good quality performance is achieved from the product. According to drugstore (2012), one of the garnier’s products named Fructis prevents the hair from having end splits. On the other hand, the product maximizes shine on the hair. The Fructis goes on and protects the hair against any damage. It is also trying to update the launch of its products from time to time. The product on the other hand has brightening actions that are re freshing to all its users (drugstore, 2012). During its launch in the market, the product has tried to preserve market leadership in skin and hair beauty products. Customers have been served efficiently and Garnier has tried to be a market leader with

Multi-Fibre Agreement Impact on the European Economy Essay

Multi-Fibre Agreement Impact on the European Economy - Essay Example There was an agreement among the EU states in the year 1995 to phase out the MFA over a period of ten years. Accordingly the MFA was abolished at the end of the year 2004. The removal of the protectionist measure in the form of MFA has resulted in economic advantages to certain Western European Countries. However certain other European countries like Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece have raised serious complaints against the removal of the quantitative restrictions on the plea that such action had largely affected their domestic textile and clothing industry and the workers in the industry. With this background this paper presents a critical assessment of the potential benefits and problems to which European Union is subjected to due to the abolition of MFA. Before the impact of the abolition of the MFA on the European Union can be discussed it is important a background of the causes and circumstances under which MFA was entered and the immediate effect of the abolition thereof. (Jean-Pierre Lehmann) The emergence of China as an economic power had influenced all the other countries of the world to make economic adjustments to grow at the same pace as Chinese economy developed. In the light of these changes in the world economy, the Western European countries had embarked upon an association for peace and prosperity in the form of European Union. The economic and political success of the European Union had made the Eastern European countries to request for accession to the EU. All the European countries and even China opted for accession to World Trade Organization in the wake of economic globalization. (Jean-Pierre Lehmann) The formation of the EU and accession to the WTO had resulted in some over-regulation and un-dynamic inbuilt rigid aspects in some of the European economies especially for the protection of uncompetitive sectors. This had also restricted the provision of the conducive conditions for any creative destruction or innovation. Under these circumstances countries like the Netherlands, Britain, Ireland, Latvia and the Scandinavian countries have reformed their economic structures and adjusted themselves to the changing circumstances. However there are other larger economies like Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and Poland had become less successful due to their industrial sluggishness. One of the anomalies of the international trading system resulted out of such un-dynamic environment basically to protect the domestic industry was to place the textiles and garment out of the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) rules in the Multi-Fibre Agreement (MFA) The agreement was entered into with the intense pressure from the governments of the developed countries since there was a fear in the import-competing firms in such nations that the rise in imports from the cost-competitive developing countries would eventually destroy the viability of their domestic textile and clothing industry.( (Grimwade, 1996) "This was a defence measure initially taken in response to

VALS SURVEY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

VALS SURVEY - Essay Example After identifying the innovators and experiencers as the VALS for this particular product, a proper decision should be made on exactly how to appeal to them (Christensen, 2011). First, to appeal to the innovators, I would like to recommend that the marketer should ensure that the commodity is made to be innovative and attractive. As self-actualized consumers, the experiences can only be lured to purchase the iPad if they are convinced that it is fine and appeal to their eyes. This is the only way through which they can perceive it as a product worth spending their money on (Kerin, 2012). On the other hand, to appeal to the experiencers, the marketer should ensure that the iPad is made to represent a creative, fashionable and novel product that depicts a self-expression idea. If it possesses such features, these consumers will consider it as the preferred commodity to purchase (Kotler & Keller, 2009). Experiencers are young consumers who heavily spend on fashionable products like iPad that suit their insatiable tastes for

Working Capital Simulation Essay Example for Free

Working Capital Simulation Essay This simulation has given me a better understanding of what managers and CEO’s go through when making decisions for the company. As I went through each simulation more than once to see what affects the decisions had on cash flows, sales and EBIT. In some situations they changed whether it dropped or risen, and others they were completely stagnant with their movement through each phase. Below I will point out how and why I made each decision. Phase 1, I chose to acquire a new customer and tighten up accounts receivable in both times I did the simulation. I chose to take on a new customer because SNC needed the exposure to become known as it is starting to get widespread exposure. The results of this acquisition were that it increased the sales significantly but also left us with higher receivable an inventory balances. (Harvard SNC Synopsis) The results of tightening up the accounts receivable were that sales have declined but the receivables improved which freed up cash. (Harvard SNC Synopsis) In phase 2, I chose to expand the online presence as well as develop a private label in one simulation and the second simulation I just chose to expand on line. In my first choice since I chose to expand online and develop the label, the amounts varied in increase of cash flows. The expansion of the online presence increased Internet sales and the private label increased the EBIT margin only a little. This also counteracts with the accounts receivable and inventory balances after phase one. But it was not that drastic of a change. In ’17 there was no increase or decrease in cash flows, which only means that in that year we broke even on the developing label side. The last phase, I chose to adopt a global expansion strategy in one trial and in the second I chose to adopt and acquire the high-risk customer. The results of acquiring a high-risk customer increase the sale, but had a dramatic affect on the receivables. SNC has now to consider witting off a portion of the outstanding balance as the company Midwest Miracles filed for chapter 11 bankruptcies. This simulation alone has taught me one of the many risks of doing business with any company. (Harvard SNC Synopsis) I thought that after acquiring the company, they could maybe stand on their own with the help of SNC and pull out of their financial hardship. It had the complete opposite affect on the SNC and it could have potentially ruined my company, as well as made me lose investors. The global expansion however helped the SNC grow its top of the line with the new customer Viva Familia. Like expanding online, the global strategy was another attempt to make sure SNC is the first company consu mers think about when dietary supplements. Limiting access to financing can hinder any company or person from trying to grow their business. It can cause higher interest rates on loans and credit fees as well as force businesses to face hardships when it comes to registration costs, policies and equipment needed for the business. (Parrino, Kidwell, $ Bates, 2012) It can also limit the profits they may encounter with consumers on in the new market. The limit of access to finances also hinders the process to develop and own their own brand of products. Making a if I were really the CEO of SNC or any business, I would need the help of a team to help make these decisions on and expansion and growth as well as investing in other companies. This simulation put in perspective the skill set and education needed after studying finances to even hope that you can make a profit on any decision made. It is a really difficult task to try and manage a company as well as keep up with the market. If this were a sole proprietorship, it would really be stressful to handle all by their lonesome. Reference: Harvard Business Publishing. (2012). Working capital simulation: managing growth. Retrieved May 16th, 2915 from, http://forio.com/simulate/harvard/working-capital/simulation Parrino, R., Kidwell, D.S, Bates, T.W. (2012) Fundamentals of corporate finance (2nd ed.) Hoboken, NJ: Wiley

Tourism Industry In Tibet Tourism Essay

Tourism Industry In Tibet Tourism Essay The Tibet Autonomous Region, covering an area of 1.22 million square kilometres, is situated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the south-western border area of China. It enjoys unique plateau environment. Averaging more than 4,000 meters in elevation, it is always regarded as the highest region in the world and is known as the roof of the world. Tibet abuts on Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan province. It has 3,842 km borders with Chinas neighbouring countries of Myanmar, India, Bhutan and Nepal as well as Kashmir in the south and west (Zhang Zheng 2004). Tourism is playing an increasingly crucial role in Tibets tertiary industry. Even though these is unique natural and culture tourism resources, tourism were developed in Tibet very late. Prior Chinas reform and opening-up policies in 1978, there was almost no tourism in Tibet. After about 30 years, tourism in Tibet has become much more developed, especially after the Qinghai-Tibet railway has been completed and operated. In 2008, there were 2,246,400 tourists visiting Tibet, which bigger than the total number of tourists who went to Tibet between 1980 and 1997(China Tibetology Research Centre 2009). (Figure 2) Figure 2: Changes in Tibets Tourism Revenues and Number of Tourists Between 1980 and 2008 figure 2.jpg Source: Tibet Statistical Yearbook 2009 2.3 SWOT analysis To understanding the characteristics of tourism in Tibet and its internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats, SWOT analysis will be presented. Strength Diverse tourism resources. Tibets long history, splendid culture and its unique plateau environment are all important attractions of Tibet. Regional strength. As Chinas border areas, Tibet borders with India, Nepal, and Myanmar etc. Political strength. The implementation of the strategy for the development of the western region of China gave Tibet powerful political support(Meng Huang 2007). Weaknesses Undeveloped transportation. Lack of overall strategy. Poor infrastructure. The number of hotels, travel agencies and facilities cannot meet the growing demands of visitors (Meng Huang 2007). Opportunities Government support. The Chinese government not only operate some politics but also invest huge amount of money into tourism development of Tibet. Huge demand of tourism market. Domestic tourism demand is growing and some restrictive factors affecting the tourism demand has been alleviated (Meng Huang 2007). Economic development of China. Threats Stiff competition Relationship between development and protection Figure 3: SWOT analysis of tourism in Tibet 2.4 Tourism market These years, the number of tourists visiting Tibet soars. Since 1980, the Tibets tourism market can be separated into three stages. Firstly, from 1980s to 1990s, international visitors dominated the tourism market. However, from 1990s, domestic visitors increased rapidly. For instance, in 1996 the number of international visitors is 2500 while as domestic visitors is 250,000 (Tan 2006). In 2004, the number of visitors even surpassed one million. The third stage is from 2006, when the Qinghai-Tibet railway has been completed and operated. The number of domestic visitors changed tremendously, reaching five million in 2010. 2.5 Proposed growth value 3. Transport system in Tibet 3.1 Responsible agencies and firms The government of China is the main organizer of the construction of Tibets transport system. Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in October 1949, the state invested huge amounts of funds in Tibets transport construction. The transportation within Tibet and between the autonomous region and other places has been fundamentally changed. Take Qinghai-Tibet Railway project for instance, the Central Government has invested around US$3.17 billion in it. In addition to the investment, Chinese government also drew up a series of new principles and policies to assure that the construction of transport in Tibet will be processed smoothly, among which the western development strategy is the most significant one. With this strategys implementation and the close attention of the regional government, great effort has been taken to support the development of Tibet transport system. 3.2 Existing transport system Before 1949, there was no road in Tibet. Through the gorgeous mountains and vast plateau plains, caravans journeyed on dangerous paths with heavy loads. However, currently, the transportation network is in place, with highway transport as the main part, supplemented by rail and air transportation. Road transportation Since the peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951, the decades of construction has brought Tibet four inter-provincial roads connecting Tibet with Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Yunnan. The major roads include Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Sichuan-Tibet Highway, Xinjiang-Tibet Highway, Yunnan-Tibet Highway and China-Nepal International Road. The travel routes inside the region are formed on a road network with the major roads and their branches. At the end of 2008, including these five national highways, there are altogether 15 trunk lines and 315 feeder lines in Tibet, and the total length of the roads in the autonomous region reached 51,314 kilometres. Over 92 percent of the township and nearly 72 percent of the administrative villages have been connected with roads. Figure 3: Road Map of Tibet tibet-road-map.jpg Source: www.discovertibettour.com/tibet-maps.html Figure 4: Major Trunk Highways Qinghai-Tibet Highway From Xining in Qinghai to Lhasa in Tibet Known as the lifeline of the autonomous region, the highway caries more than 80percent of goods into or out of Tibet. The 2,122 km highway is paved with asphalt. Rising over 4,000 meters above sea level, it crosses the Kunlun and Tanggula mountains. Sichuan-Tibet Highway From Chengdu in Sichuan to Lhasa in Tibet Extending 2,413 km, the highway links Tibet with various provinces in southwest China Xinjiang-Tibet Highway From Yecheng in Xinjiang to Ngari in Tibet Extending 1,179 km, it is the highest highway in the world Yunnan-Tibet Highway Form Xiaguan in Yunnan to Mangkam in Tibet The highway extends 315 km. China-Nepal Highway Rom Lhasa to Friendship Bridge in Zham, Shigaze of Tibet to Kathmandu of Nepal The highway extends 736km. Railway transportation Although covering about one eighth of Chinas land area, Tibet was previously the only province level region not accessible via railway. Qinghai-Tibet railway is the only rail transport to Tibet. Before the opening of the railway, visitors could only reach Tibet by air or road. This railway measures 1963 kilometres from Xining, capital of Qinghai Province, to Lhasa, which is the worlds most elevated and longest plateau railway (Cao Lin 2008). Along the way 965 kilometres of the railway are located over 4,000 metres, over 600 kilometres traverse the perennial frozen tundra. At the highest point, the Danggula Mountain pass is 5,072 metres above sea level. Thus, Qinghai-Tibet Railway is often called as railway on the rooftop of the world. However, although it is more convenient and cost-effective, it is the only railway to reach Tibet. Figure 3: Railway from and to Tibet tibet-railway-map.jpg Air transportation The air route over Tibet is the most efficient way for communications between Tibet and the rest of the world. The first air route was started in Tibet in 1956, which is from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, to Lhasa (Pan Liu 2006). Till now, air routes between Lhasa and cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, Chongqing, Xian, and Guangzhou have been established. In addition, the international air route between Lhasa and Kathmandu, Capital of Nepal, has also been open for traffic. However, there are only five civilian airports in Tibet: Gonggar Airport of Lhasa, Nyingchi Airport, Bangda Airport of Qamdo, Ngari airport and Shigatse Airport, among which Ngari airport and Shigatse Airport were first put into use in 2010. Figure 4: Map of Tibet flight routes map-of-tibet-flight-routes.gif Transportation of cities and towns The cities and towns in Tibet all have certain roads connecting each other. But there arent many transportation vehicles. Its hard to predict which part will be the toughest in a trip. In Lhasa, Shigaze, Zetang and other larger cities, mini-buses, taxis, or tricycles can be chosen. Buses with 35 seats run to all major tourism sites and the price is always 2 Yuan each person with in the unban sphere. There are now over 1,200 taxis in Lhasa and its suburbs. In the urban area, a trip by taxi usually costs 10-15 Yuan. In Lhasa, tricycles will cost from 2-5 Yuan for two persons. They are found near the Barkhor Bazaar. In addition, many hotels in Tibet can rent bicycles. Some scenic spots in Lhasa are not connected with buses yet. Across Tibet, many vehicle companies and travel agencies can help tourists rent vehicles for long-distance journeys. The average cost is 2.5-8 Yuan per kilometre and it differs according to the type and function of the vehicle and the condition of the travel route. 3.3 Deficiencies Since Tibets unique  natural geographical and  economic backwardness, its poor transport infrastructure cannot meet the  requirements of  the rapidly growing  tourists. Transportation  restricts the  overall development  of tourism in Tibet.   Transport infrastructure  is seriously lagging behind. Firstly, the total length of road is short and the density of transport facilities is low. The density of roads in Tibet is only 3.36 km each 100 square km, which is the lowest province among the country, comparing 17.82% of the average density of national roads (Cao Lin 2008). These five main highways connecting with other provinces in China are fragile and easy to be affected by natural disasters. In fact, among these five highways, only Qinghai-Tibet Highway can be open throughout the years, others just can be opened seasonally. Furthermore, comparing with Tibets 1.22 million square kilometres of regional area, the number of airport is too few. During tourist season, domestic routes are obviously insufficient. The only international airline is from Kathmandu to Lhasa. Due to the lack  of other international  non-stop flights, most tourists have to choose Beijing-Chengdu-Lhasa or Shang-Chengdu-Lhasa routes, which greatly increased the length of journey to Tibet and the airfare is considerable high. Lastly, railway line is single. Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the only railway transport in Tibet. Since it was constructed on the average of 4,500- 5,000 metre Tibetan Plateau, the maintenance of it is incredible difficult. The development of transportation in the regional area is uneven. Tibets transport is concentrated in the relatively developed middle area. In contrast,  transportation in southern Tibet and north-western Tibet  is extremely backward. Most of roads are in low quality, even fragile and easy to be influenced by natural disaster. Western Tibet is the most isolated area. Some of areas are still undeveloped. It is urgent need to improve the transport conditions. Low quality of transport services The level of transport services directly related to the tourists evaluation of destination (Su Wall 2009). Tourism transportation services not only include tourism projects, information of destinations and choices of transport, but also include accommodation, catering and other related security during the process of travel (Duval 2007). However, when travelling to Tibet, there would be some problem about traffic cannot depart on time and some tourism project and exact security information cannot be provided to tourists. Strategy In order to enable tourism transportation to adapt to the increasing demand of tourists in Tibet, effective scientific strategies should be made to cope with above deficiencies and to assure the transportation system in Tibet would have further improvement. To meet the rapid development of tourism industry, it is necessary to expand the size of transport network to further improve the transport system. In terms of railway transport, fulfil the capacity of railway transport, expend access to and within the Tibet is of importance. It is proposed to construct more railways, like Yunnan-Tibet Railway, Gansu-Tibet Railway and Sichuan-Tibet Railway. The first regional railway, Shigatse- Tibet was proposed to built, which would be complete in 2014. As for road transport, it is suggested to upgrade level of roads, increase management of maintenance of roads to improve disaster-combat capacity. In the national twelfth five-year development plan, regional government decided to made great efforts to develop road transportation in Tibet. In the Fifth Central Discussion Meeting on the Work of Tibet, central government also decided to accelerate construction of road network, with Lhasa as the centre, five State roads as the branches, and the district, county, township and border defence roads as the basis. Currently, the only way from Lhasa to other tourist attractions is road transport. However, some private road accessing to attractions is in the poor quality, which reduces the accessibility and influences the tourists flow. Some scenic spots in Tibet are not connected with roads yet. Thus, it is crucial to increase access level of these places. As to air transport, according to the principles of rational distribution, it is suggested to increase the number of airport to incorporate all major cities and towns into national air routes network. With the increasing number of tourist, it is necessary to open some routes to Hong Kong, Tokyo or New Delhi and some tourism developed cities. Improve the serves of tourism transportation. According to the situation of Tibet, tourism transport sector should improve the level of roads, choose convenient routes, and provide high quality means of transport. In addition, multi-channel and multi-ticket booking service should be provided to minimize transfer time.