Status, role, primary groups, and secondary groups in social interactions between different racial and ethnic groups

Status is the ranking of groups or individual persons within a certain and specific perspective based on a given criteria. This perspective refers to the hierarchy of esteem and reputation that exists between certain groups. It therefore establishes which group or individual shall interact with which other group and how that shall be done in accordance to the respect disserved from by given group. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Status, role, primary groups, and secondary groups in social interactions between different racial and ethnic groups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, roles in a given status group can be stratified according to the given expectation of the group, for example, cooks and caregivers or can be got from experience. As a result, functions include the manner a certain group is patterned in order to perform its function for the sake of the other groups as a whole. The society is made up of various types of groups which have different racial and ethnic backgrounds and have a certain degree of cohesion due to common interests and values in life like race, religion and ethnicity. In the society there are various types of groups which are very different from each other. First we have the primary groups. This group is usually small in number and the group has members who are very personal and affectionate to each other. Members of this group have a relationship that is usually kinship- oriented for example families. The relation between this group lasts for so many years with a face-to-face communication. Secondly, we have the secondary groups; they are much larger than the primary groups and include formal and institution type of relations. This group can last as long as the members do not disband it, therefore they are not permanent as the primary group. Roles in this group can be interchanged between members and it is more tenuous and lacks the affection display ed in primary groups. There are times when the primary group may be represented in a secondary group setting for example attending college represents association to the secondary group while there are relationships that were developed in the primary groups that a person belonged to. On the other hand, there are other organizations in the secondary setting that care affectionately about the welfare of another while a family in a primary setting, individuals may be hostile towards another thus there can be variances in the groups. Hence from the above groupings of the society, different racial and ethnic groups have shown to see their own social status in a different way from the other. For example in a primary group, some ethnic groups like the Latinos and African Americans have shown to hold in high esteem the role that grandparents perform in the society and therefore they subscribe to that ideology than any other ethnic groupings like the white Americans. Advertising Looking for report on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand the status in a secondary setting, classmates in college have placed less emphasis on the role of ethnicity or race. In this group, the role of the members in the classroom can be interchanged to suit one’s own liking by merit and not based on the ethnicity of the individual. In addition, the members of this group display different characters that they acquired from their own ethnic and racial primary groups and they tend to believe and act according to the norms of that group. However, they are tolerant to each other which make it possible for secondary group members to in interchange their roles without conflicts. In a primary setting, an ethnic group like African Americans subscribe to the role that a father has to a family more than white Americans who though believe in the importance of a man to a family, do not subscribe to that norm as depicted by African American families. In conclusion, it can be held that the status role and groups that an individual or society belongs to influences the type of social interaction that will occur between them and the way they view each other’s culture and way of life. This report on Status, role, primary groups, and secondary groups in social interactions between different racial and ethnic groups was written and submitted by user Kayson Johnson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Seperate Peace essays

A Seperate Peace essays Friendship is the main theme in John Knowles novel A Separate Peace. Gene Forrester, an intellectual student and Finny, his roommate at Devon School who is usually misbehaving, has charismatic ways, which usually exempt him from punishment. The two have opposing interests and personalities, yet still remain close friends. Gene, envying Finnys athletic ability, thinks that Finny, in return, envies his academic achievements, and he suspects that Finny is trying to divert him from his work. Gene's doubts turn into indignant hatred. Yet, when Gene realizes that he has been mistaken of the existence of Finny trying to distract him due to the fact that one day, Finny expresses a desire to see Gene succeed, Gene realizes they have been friends the whole time, and through it all thats what friendship is. Together they get through the summer, and the hardships of losing other friends and classmates to the war. The reader really starts to see the close relationship the two of them have, right from when they are introduced. Their friendship is clearly present at many occasions through out the novel. Finny urges Gene into making a dangerous jump off of a tree into the near by river, and the two start a secret society based on this as the ritual. When Finny attempts to make the jump Gene bends his knees, causing the branch to break Finny to fall and break his leg. Once the doctor tells Gene, Finny wont be able to play many sports, Gene feels he is at fault, and he feels that he is to blame. Finny, is sent home before Gene has a chance to talk to him. When Gene goes to visit Finny during his summer brake, Finny wont listen to him explaining it was his fault. Leper, the first to enlist in the army from Devon school, is also friends with Gene and Finny. Brinker Hadley, another friend at the school, suggests to Gene that he enlists in the army too, and so Gene agrees. That night, however, Gene finds out that F ...

The Great Siege of Gibraltar 1779-1783 Dissertation

The Great Siege of Gibraltar 1779-1783 - Dissertation Example The battle tactics play a crucial role in enabling one side to win and other to get defeated, therefore for any army, it is essential to ponder in detail about the battle tactics to gain victory. British side used such battle tactics that made them accomplished while the battle tactics of French side were lacking due to which, they were defeated. In this paper, we will study the battle tactics of the Great Siege of Gibraltar in great detail as to find the reasons why the Great Siege of Gibraltar was unsuccessful. Background Gibraltar is an offshore territory of United Kingdom, which is located at the south of  Spain and  on the tip of the Iberian Peninsula. The name of  Gibraltar in fact  derives out from the Arabic  Jabal-al-Tarik (mount of Tarik) since capture of peninsula by the leader of Arabic fighter troops Tarik (Falkner 68). Spain wanted to capture Gibraltar from Britain due to commerce reason between America and Europe. At the start of the dispute both side agreed upon signing an agreement with mutual understanding at Spanish royal palace. Britain foreign minister was also favouring peace full agreement between two nations but agreement was not approved by the British parliament. Both countries declared war on 23 October 1739, with each other just after the beginning of war of Jenkins' Ear (Mann 214). Both sides decided to make trenches near the Gibraltar for gaining information about enemy. One squadron of Britain army was already stationed there. Britain ordered Admiral Vernon was ordered to sail from Portobello and join the squadron. Many years passed but hostilities did not break. King Phillip 5 of Spain died in 1746 and his successor again tried to negotiate the issue with Britain. British parliament showed seriousness in resolving the trade issues. British parliament also wanted to lift British embargo on Spain. Unfortunately, the king died and next king ever wanted negotiations with Britain (Mann 215). The new king signed family compac t with the king of France in 1761. France was already at war with Britain in 1761. Because of this new development, Britain declared war with Spain and captured colonial capitals of Havana and Manila. Finally, Spain was able to get back the cities of manila and Havana in exchange of Florida that was captured by Spain. This agreement took place under a treaty in 1763, known as â€Å"treaty of Paris† (Falkner 73). Then the peaceful years started and both France and Spain decided to wait for favourable situation and launch attack on Britain for gaining the lost territories. After the outbreak of American war of independence, France and Spain supported American rebels to defeat Britain in that war. France and Spain signed a treaty in 1779 the treaty is known as treaty of Aranjuez. According to the treaty, both France and Spain will support each other for gaining their lost territories from Britain. Spain declared war on Britain in June 1779 and France also supported Spain to secu re Gibraltar. Gibraltar was vital link in British control over the Mediterranean and wanted a quick capture of it for going on an all-out war against the Great Britain. The great siege of Gibraltar was among the longest sieges that are fought in the history of the world. France and Spain wanted to take hold of Gibraltar during the American War of Independence but their attempt remained unaccomplished. It was a joint effort by France and Spain and the

Igor Stravinsky Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Igor Stravinsky - Essay Example The exploitation of these ideals and the exploration of how music reflected the time were the main initiatives that Stravinsky took with the compositions written during this time frame. Changing Culture of 1914-1918 The region of Europe and the exposure that was occurring within the arts during this time had one of the most influential aspects in terms of culture and politics. The several outbreaks of war, specifically which led through World War I, began to change the outlook of the artists that were in various countries. A sense of patriotism and pride toward the country was one of the growing influences that many of the artists began to look into. More important, there was a focus on the outbreaks and outcomes of the war and the destructions and victories which were associated with this. â€Å"The burden of the national ordeal and the wartime experiences led to the formation of a new worldview and a new self awareness†¦. On the one hand, the Great War became a touchstone for the humanistic yearnings of the intellectuals. On the other, it acted as a catalyst for new aesthetic directions. † The cultural direction which was influenced by the war then created a component of new expressions and values that most could work toward in building a different understanding of humanistic and political expressions. The expressions of culture were furthered by the political leaders and outlooks associated with this. Many of the artists of this time were interested in making a statement that either opposed or was for the patriotism that was within various regions of Europe. Before 1914, there was a movement that was based on anti – politics, specifically with those who either were patriotic or opposed the changes that were occurring within Europe. Social policies, conflicts of those who were involved in politics and the outcome from various groups led to different and opposing ideologies about the war and the political stance. Those involved in the politics, or which were opposed to this, were also interested in creating social change and statements that were reflective of the need to find new solutions. When the war began, this was heightened and became intensified by artists who were interested in a change with the politics. This either led to a sense of propaganda among the artists or opposed the reforms which were taking place2. Stravinsky and World War I The perspectives that Stravinsky held during 1914-1918 were pivotal in how he worked toward the creation of his music and the pieces which were associated with this. While he was from Russia and the Poland territory, there was also an international outlook which he held because of his recognition at this time. Before this time, Stravinsky was noted to have a more exploratory outlook with the works, such as through Pierrot Lunaire. While the exploration of music continued in 1914, there were several personal and cultural conflicts that changed the music. For instance, the funding for arts was more conservative because of the war, leaving many of the works unpublished unless they were more conservativ e in nature. Many of his works weren’t published until the 1920s when a sense of recovery began to occur in the country. This was combined with the understanding that a new culture was being born, specifically which Stravinsky saw through the destruction

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Business - Essay Example It was founded in 1962 by Sam Walton, and it was incorporated in 1969. In 1972, Wal-Mart started trading in the New York Stock Exchange. The company recently invested into the grocery business as it generated $258 billion in its sales which was 52 percent of their income that year (Fishman, 2006). The whole concept of the company’s interest in investing in new territories of Russia and Ireland is due to the fact that it has already invested in 15 other countries. It has 8500 stores under 55 different names in these countries (Fishman, 2006). These different stores are operated under the Wal-Mart, company in the United States. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that all the foreign investment plans are followed to the letter. Numerous companies always have a problem with the manner in which they decide to venture into new markets. Therefore, Wal-Mart should ensure that they create a viable investment plan, which will be favorable for them in the new territory. This will not m ean that they just take their money and buy random shares in the countries’ stocks. This would mean that they have a structured plan with the intention of making things right and meet the standard of their other investments in other countries. Moreover, they should have goals, which can be defined and will elaborate the investment options they had in order to achieve them. Wal-Mart should ensure that it has goals which will enable them to determine their future in these new territories. The investment plan which is being created should show the type of goals they would like to attain. It can be long term or short-term achievement. The real intention for the investment plan should also indicate other issues, which can occur in order to make the company prosper in this territory. This will make it easier for the company to be in a position of making plans which will be suitable for them and the country. The company should also know the amount it is willing to invest and if it w ould fit the type of investment it wants to conduct. The amount of money to be spent will depend on the goals that the company has. It is known that each country which has a potential for growth, will always have brokers who know the market of the region. These people will help the company to understand the country better, and if their plan will be accepted in this new territory. In initiating the investment plan in this territory, the company should be in a position of understanding its comfort level as it takes risks. This means that if the company is determined to take a big risk in order to generate high returns, it would be good for it. However, they should also understand the a big risk might result in a big loss in the investment. It would mean that the company would have to project the market trends of the region in order to know what type of risk it would endure. The company is also advised that when they make their investment plans, they should be in a position of diversif ying their investment selection. This would mean that Wal-Mart would have to know whether they would go for stocks, grocery, warehousing or retail stores. Finally, before making a decision, the company would have to learn the marketplace in these new territories. This implies that the companies have to know how to read the market report, predict the future and project how the movements of stocks take place. This would help the company in knowing how to avoid losses while at the same time understand new investments in the

Internet of Things in the Public Sector

Internet of Things in the Public Sector Abstract Context and Objective The Internet of Things (IoT) is not merely a step along the path to digital transformation, it is the driving force to the way we live today, and our future. Many items in our daily lives, whether at home or work will interact with each other, enabling   us to use them in different and new ways (Goerlich, K, 2016). The objective of this paper is to analyse to what extent charities, social enterprise, public sector organisation and public-private partnerships use (IoT)? how has (IoT) helped their business to grow? or does (IoT) need to be implied within their organisation and how? Framework, Model and Analysis For this assignment an Evaluation framework is going to be used. This ecosystem approach will emerge in the form of an (IoT) software platform (Iansiti, and Levien, 2004). This represents a set of reusable components, modules, and other building blocks that are shared by multiple applications and products (Baldwin and Woodard,2009). The use of Secondary data analysis is the chosen method for this study, as this method includes both qualitative and quantitative and will be significant for this study (Saunders et al., 2016, p316-318). Rationale and Findings The chosen three case studies will be on Oxfam, Google and Microsoft for this research. This is due to their present or lack of activities within the (IoT). Although Microsoft and Google have accomplished (IoT) within education, Oxfam still needs to consider the (IoT) element which can help the less fortunate countries that they work with. Working together will enable a great partnership. Contributions Contributions of this paper could lead to organisations adapting their approach to the IoT, and give an insight to how we can significantly improve our lives and future by understanding more about the IoT. Introduction The aim of this paper is to investigate   how far charities, public private partnerships and public sector organisations use IOT and to what extent do they use IOT in their business. A research will be conducted to see how IOT has helped these businesses grow. In order to do so three companies have been chosen for this paper. Kobie (2015) highlights that the Internet of Things (IoT) has been present for decades, in which, the core aim reflects on the connection of devices with the use of internet. Technology will enable the connected systems to develop fundamental areas, for example education (Greengard, 2015, p. 1). The internet everlastingly developing has become a fundamental asset to everyday life (Dutton, 2014). Kevin Ashton (cited in Buyya Dastjerdi, 2016) quotes that things aspect of the way we interact and live within the physical world that surrounds us needs serious reconsideration, due to advances in computing, Internet, and data-generation rate by smart devices. IoT is considered as a way of performing jobs with the support of everyday objects that are linked to sensors and networks (Wà ³jcik, 2016). This paper will look into how the three companies use or potentially can use IoT technology by looking at the literature review and research method, including appropriate theoretical framework, whilst aiming to improve the wellbeing of students in education. Background The chosen organizations for this assignment are Oxfam, Google Inc. and Microsoft.They have been chosen for numerous reasons that will be discussed subsequently. All three make use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in different ways, which have diverse impact and repercussions. Oxfam is a charitable organization that deals with a multitude of projects mainly against poverty and the factors that cause it. This organization represents a global drive with millions of people that believe we live in a society with abundant means and resources, thus, hardship and poverty should not be an everyday issue or anticipated (Oxfam, 2017). IoT plays a key role in this association because it is the means by which the society exposes its work, statistics and achievements to the public. Additionally, the company receives its donations online; therefore the web is vital for the life of the organization. Through the Internet the company gives numbers and facts regarding the work they do, and raise awaren ess through various social media profiles they possess. In this way, Oxfam uses the Internet as a tool for education regarding their activities and regarding many realities in the world. For this, people are more conscious and ultimately responsive towards the association. Google Inc. is an American search engine company, which was established in 1988. More than 70% of online researches are monitored by this organization, and this company today offers over 50 online facilities and products (Hosch and Hall, 2015). The Internet is at the heart of this company as the original nature of Google Inc. is of an online search engine. Also, in 2011, 97% of Googles revenue originated from online advertisements further demonstrating the importance of the IoT for the existence of this company. Google conveys in educating through the web by making any information easily available to the public. Also, it has established many more tools such as Google Scholar, Docs and Slide which ease the search of original documentation and the sharing of any type of document, further helping education. Microsoft Corporation is an American software company, founded in April 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen with headquarters in Redmond, Washington in the USA. The companys business is based on developing, manufacturing, and licensing software products, including operating systems, server applications, business and consumer applications, and software development tools, as well as Internet software, technologies, and services (Advameg, 2017). Literature Review DISCUSSION OF FRAMEWORKS It is essential to have clear understanding of IoT as it is forever developing and has a huge role in many lives. When looking into education, experts have been looking at new ways to help students get the most from their studies and succeed. The framework for Smart Buildings with cloud computing has been introduced in order to create smart environments with full use of resources (Carrillo et al, 2015). Carrillo et al (2015) also states that the framework includes the integration of Microsoft Azure, which is the main virtual database, and has control to manage the Smart control units. Microsoft Azure is also known to help education by providing a cloud-based service which includes managing applications, using tools and frameworks (Microsoft Azure, 2017). In comparison, the framework for evaluating internet of things platforms in relation to application provider viewpoint supports design and implementation which is the starting point of the device, and operations which supports three core areas; fulfilment, assurance and billing (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2017). (Figure 1) An IoT application combines multiple software components that are dispensed across numerous redistribution points (nodes) that interconnect with each other (Figure 1). The Evaluation Framework was fabricated based on the service providers processes as defined in the TM Forums Business Process Framework à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and then utilised to evaluate the selected platforms (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2014). As suggested by Mazhelis and Tyrvainen (2014), the initial analysis indicate that none of the platforms provide the comprehensive support for the application providers. However, with the assumption that all components remain mandatory and represent separate physical entities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The application provider will need to implement and integrate the software for each component or factor (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2014). The framework, differentiates between the processes dealing with the design and development of the service And the core operations processes, which include the fulfil ments, assurance and billing processes (Figure 2) (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2014). In order to prioritise and create strong values it is important to identify the most suitable (IoT) use cases as this can vary from service, IT, operations and many more (IoT Use Cases, 2017). IT and operations focus on creating a new technology project in which the product and asset connectivity includes the easy connectivity of devices to cloud services (PTC, 2017). When looking at the service aspect of (IoT), this includes areas such as remote services, which involves transferring files (IoT Use Cases for Service and Support, 2017). When looking into the education system, (IoT) will have a significant impact allowing schools to save money and help students develop high-tech skills (Augur, 2016). There are areas in which can be looked into that influence (IoT) in relation to education, for example, pupils can monitor their attendance on a wearable device, personalised learning materials, automatic purchases of stationery, data transfer including students receiving information on le ssons as soon as they enter the classroom (The internet of things for education: A brief guide, 2016). Melola (2016) states that the benefits of (IoT) includes safety of schools, tracking of resources and accessing information creating smart lesson plans.   MICROSOFT GOOGLE Despite the presence of cutting-edge technology influencing mainly specialists and enthusiasts, there is a lack of comprehensive engagement targeting the wider society (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2017).   The technology industry giants Microsoft and Google are known to have engagement in (IoT) especially in education. On the other hand, there are companies such as Oxfam that do not involve with (IoT), however have the potential to do so to support those in education. Microsoft has introduced Microsoft Intune for Education which is a cloud-based service for teachers and students offering them a technological learning environment (Microsoft in Education, 2017). The virtual service allows schools to have access on applications and resources on any device, whilst ensuring that the data is secure (Microsoft Intune, 2017). The application is tailored for schools and integrated with Office 365 Education allowing teaching to become efficient, affordable, and safe (Microsoft, 2017). Google has also adapted to the use of (IoT) in which the Google Cloud Platform encourages secure, global, high-performance, cost-effective and constantly improving infrastructure (Google Cloud Platform, 2017). The service provides a wide range of benefits from computing to storage and development (Rouse, 2016) Oxfam Oxfam does not utilize (IoT) currently, however it could benefit from its use and definitely has the potential to do so. An (IoT) technology that Oxfam could use is smart buildings for education. Smart buildings are structures that use automated processes to automatically control the buildings operations including heating, ventilation, air conditioning, lighting, security and other systems(Tracy, 2016). This is done through the use of actuators, sensors and microchips that collect and manage data for smart solutions. Oxfam could use this for a variety of projects as smart buildings enable the improvement of thermal comfort air quality, physical security [and] sanitation at lower costs and environmental impact (Tracy, 2016). For this, Oxfam could use such technologies in constructing new homes or improving existing ones and in educational buildings such as schools. This would improve the quality of education and create more affordable options for people in need. Microsoft could help O xfam with the use of (IoT) technologies with its public cloud-computing platform called Microsoft Azure. This platform is used for things such as computing, data storage, analytics and helping users capture, monitor and analyse (IoT) data (Rouse, 2012). Therefore, this platform could not only help with data from educational buildings but also help educational institutions process, share and store files for students and teachers. Research Method Our research method will consist of data collection from secondary data. For this report, the secondary data will be based on (IoT) and how it is used in the three companies and how they use (IoT) in relation to education. The secondary data will mainly come from books, journals, articles and internet search. In order to analyse the three companies for this assignment a business framework will be used and secondary data will also be used in order to analyse how (IoT) is being used in the three companies and how its being used in education. The reason for why Google, Microsoft and Oxfam are being used for this report is due to the fact that these three companies already use (IoT) in their companies and in the sector that we would like to focus which is education. The Internet of Things is not exceptionally another innovation; however, the Internet of Things is progressively an advancement since a wide range of existing advances will be consolidated.When looking at the report the primary focus is to look at (IoT) and how it is being used for education and this will include looking at what the three companies have created that is currently being used in education or is in creation. The education sector was chosen due to the fact that (IoT) is used in schools, universities, colleges. (IoT) these days makes teachers and students jobs easier. For teacher, there able to use learning platform to be able to research, and then upload their class materials in order for students to see online, this allowing time for the student to study and get ready for their class. However, this is just the beginning because students can now take notes without leaving the classroom, or they can be taking their notes on their iPads or their laptops. Students can now also assess books through their mobile phone or laptop, saving them carrying the books with them and also allowing them to be able to learn and study at their own pace. The surge in connected technology means that instructors do not need to manually grade tests on paper or perform other routine tasks. (Meola, 2016) For instance, Microsoft in Beijing they have created a connected classroom which is a new innovative classroom software which connects to students devices and allows them to see what is being written on the whiteboard, the software also allows teachers to see who is connected. (IoT, 2014). Universities now also have their own learning platform such as blackboard or Moodle. These platforms allow the university to see who is accessing the database and how often and are able to monitor your learning. (Meola, 2016).Google have created a G Suite which offers schools to a email, calendar, and also give students and teachers access to spreadsheets, documents and students can also create projects and the teachers are able to have access to this and see how the group work is going (Rochelle, 2016). As Rochelle (2016) says : G Suite for Education is the same set of apps that you know and love-Gmail, Docs, Drive, Calendar, Hangouts, and more- but designed with new intelligent features that make work easier and bring teachers and students together. In this paper, the framework that is being used is the evaluation framework. The evaluation framework is used to evaluate (IoT) platforms and how they are developing and how the (IoT) platforms are improving, this is done by using openly accessible data about the platforms and the platform features and what services they have that support this (Mazhelis and Tyrvainen, 2017).The framework will be used to analyse Microsoft and Google as companies and what platforms that they currently have and analyse how they can use these platforms to help Oxfam. Analysis Increased numbers of institutions continue to embrace (IoT) platforms in the running of various operations with the objective of achieving efficiency. The new age has seen the popularity of (IoT) applications in organisations increase. Through (IoT), organizations can employ one intelligent network infrastructure to improve operations; increase safety and security and thirdly, gain valuable data insight to streamline automation. This trend has been the case for many companies cutting across the different industries from technology, transport, education, healthcare, manufacturing, and service among others. The different companies have employed this platform to streamline different activities or operations leading to better productivity. It is critical to note that the Internet of Things (IoT) is not exceptionally another innovation; however, the Internet of Things is a progressive advancement since a wide range of existing advances will be consolidated. The Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as the interconnection of physical devices, sensors and actuators with the Internet through uniquely identifiable IP addresses. This interconnection is structured in ways to allow data to be gathered and communicated through connectivity technologies and (IoT) platforms (Nicole, 2017). This infrastructure can be seen as an additional layer of interaction and transaction of information and users of that information courtesy of the development of new devices, which have advanced capabilities including those of sensing, analyzing and communicating data by use of internet protocols. Ultimately, the development of the (IoT) comes to play a key role in bridging digital and physical realities through enhanced information-driven automation in various processes, critical to businesses and daily human lives.As noted, various companies have employed (IoT) apps to run their operations; while still more companies will in the future embrace (IoT) platforms to run their businesses. Among the top applications of the (IoT) is in the education sector; where various technology companies have developed (IoT) applications that allow their users to interact with new information in an effective manner. The cases include those of Google and Microsoft technology companies. These two giants in the technology sector took a lead in embracing (IoT) applications in facilitating their education services to the users of their service. Both companies employ (IoT) for education purposes. The application of (IoT) for education purposes in these companies has been exemplary due to the way thei r platforms have been tailored for the benefits of the users. Analyzing the case of Microsoft; it is evident that the company has taken a lead in the development and application of (IoT) platforms for education. According to Microsoft, the company envisioned a case where smart sensors would act as a mini-database with embedded machine learning algorithms. This today is a success due to its application in the creation of a connected classroom. Microsoft Company developed an (IoT) platform-Connected Classroom currently being applied in Beijing. This is a new program (software) that connects the students devices, and allows each learner to see what is being written by the instructor on the white board. This software further allows the teachers to see and follow up with who is connected (IOT, 2014).   This new software by Microsoft has worked greatly in allowing universities in Beijing to provide education to learners in a more effective manner.Besides, other universities have come up to adopt this (IoT) platform to see who is accessing thei r database and how often they do that. This (IoT) platform is of great benefit to the learning institutions through allowing the educators/instructors to follow up and monitor the learning process. It has also made it easier for teachers to connect with the learners in remote areas or catch up with learners who may not have the convenience of literally attending their classes (PustisÃÅ'Å’ek, 2014). Other related (IoT) softwares that are similar to Microsoft (IoT) platform are   blackboard or Moodle, which are owned by universities. This platforms allows a university to see who is accessing the database and how often. Google is another technology company that has developed an (IoT) application-the G-Suite. This is a software application that allows schools to share data through email; program data in the calendar, and allows the users (teachers and learners) to access documents, and spreadsheets. In addition, the G-Suite allows students to create projects and share data. The application further allows the teachers to access data fed into it, observe the group work that takes place, and monitor the learning process (Google 2017). The G-Suite for education is an app that is designed to make the learning process interactive and seamless by bringing the teachers and students connected. Ultimately, this allows effective learning process. Google G-Suite for education and Microsofts -Connected Classroom software applications can be used to help Oxfam. Oxfam as a confederation of charitable organizations with the objective of alleviation of global poverty would greatly benefit from these two applications developed by Google and Microsoft. One of the ways to alleviate poverty is through education. Enhanced education allows more people to access better jobs or create their own employment; thereby earning good incomes that would allow them to have a better life. Googles G-Suite for education can be used by Oxfam to reach out to places where the company runs its operations and allow more people to have access to learning (Skiba, 2013). In addition, Microsoft shared classrooms can be used by Oxfam. It can be used to reach out to areas of need, such as India and China; where shared classrooms will increase the numbers of learners at any given time. Discussion of Findings It is clear that (IoT) will be used in most of our lives, especially in the near future, as companies like Microsoft and Google are working towards making education effective by creating a virtual presence that can be accessible on most devices. As well as education, it can also be beneficial when looking at businesses and social life too. Whilst these companies look at fulfilling educational needs, other companies like Oxfam have not yet introduced (IoT) in education, however do have the potential to. Microsoft and Google can work with Oxfam with engaging in (IoT) in education. This would surely benefit the less fortunate people that Oxfam is focused on helping, and additionally it would greatly improve the company by advancing it with new technologies. Therefore, Oxfams progression to IoT technologies would lead to great benefits for different groups of people. Conclusions Recommendations In conclusion, IoT technologies are a current advancement that numerous companies are integrating into their organization. Some examples of this are Google and Microsoft, which are making noticeable progresses due to these technologies. Furthermore, there are companies who have not yet integrated IoT tools but have the potential to do so, such as Oxfam. Google and Microsoft could help companies such as Oxfam to develop and integrate the use of these technologies in their organization. This would significantly improve the management of charity organizations in general for education but also for costs, organization and environmental impact. Moreover, further research in this area could be conducted by considering more companies that use IoT technologies and analyse the benefits these technologies have conveyed to. Also, any type of organizations that do not have IoT technologies could be considered and an analysis could be done for how these could use the technologies and benefit from them. References Augur, H. (2016, December 13). IoT in education: the internet of school things. IBM. Available from https://www.ibm.com/blogs/internet-of-things/iot-education   [Accessed 2 March 2017] Baldwin, C. and Woodard, C. (2008). The Architecture of Platforms: A Unified View. in Platforms, Markets and Innovation. Available from http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/09-034_149607b7-2b95-4316-b4b6-1df66dd34e83.pdf [Accessed 1 March 2017]. Buyya, R., Dastjerdi, A. (2016). Internet of Things: Principles and Paradigms. Morgan Kaufmann. Carrillo, E., Benitez, V., Mendoza, C., Pacheco. (2015, October 25). IoT framework for Smart Buildings with Cloud Computing. IEEE Digital Library. Available from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7366197/?section=abstract [Accessed 1 March 2017] Dutton, W. H. (2014). Putting things to work: social and policy challenges for the Internet of things, 16 (3), 1-21.   Emerald Insight. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/info-09-2013-0047 [Accessed 27 February 2017]. Gerpott, T. and May, S. (2016). Integration of Internet of Things components into a firms offering portfolio: a business development framework. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 18 (2), 53-63. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/info-11-2015-0051 [Accessed 16 February 2017]. Goerlich, K. (2016). Live Business: The Importance of the Internet of Things. Digitalist by SAP. Available fromhttp://www.digitalistmag.com/executive-research/live-business-the-importance-of-the-internet-of-things [Accessed 14 February 2014]. Goldacre, B. (2015). I did a Newsnight thing about how politics needs better data. Bad Science. Available from http://bad science/2015/02/ [Accessed 12 March 2015]. Greengard, S. (2015). The Internet of Things. The MIT Press. Hosch, W.L. and Hall, M. (2015). Google Inc.: American company. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Available from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-Inc [Accessed 28 February 2017]. Iansiti, M. and Levien, R. (2004).   Strategy as Ecology. Harvard Business Review, 82 (3), 68-81. Available from https://hbr.org/2004/03/strategy-as-ecology [Accessed 1 March 2017]. IoT Use Cases. (2017). PTC. Available from http://www.ptc.com/internet-of-things/use-cases [Accessed 1 March 2017] IoT Use Cases for Service and Support. (2017). PTC. Available from http://www.ptc.com/internet-of-things/use-cases/service-and-support [Accessed 2 March 2017] Kobie, N. (2015). What is the internet of things?. The Guardian. Available from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/06/what-is-the-internet-of-things-google [Accessed 22 February 2017]. Mazhelis, O. and Tyrvainen, P. (2014). A framework for evaluating Internet-of-Things platforms: Application provider viewpoint. In Internet of Things (WF-IoT), IEEE World Forum. on (pp. 147-152). Available from:http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6803137 or https://learning.westminster.ac.uk/bbcswebdav/pid-1822773-dt-content-rid-4663729_1/courses/BBIM613.2.2016/A%20Framework%20for%20Evaluating%20Internet-of-Things%20Platforms%20Application%20Provider%20Viewpoint.pdf   [Accessed: 1 March 2017]. Bassi, A 2008. The Internet of Things (IoT). Mst News, 5 (1), pp. 14-16.Black, M 1992. A Cause for Our Times: Oxfam the First 50 Years. Oxfam. Nicole, K 2017. What is the internet of Things? The Guardian, Wednesday 6 May 2015 09.51 BST. Available at/: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/06/what-is-the-internet-of-things-google [Accessed: 05 March 2017]. Google 2017. Google Suite for Education. Available at/: https://edu.google.com/products/productivity-tools/[Accessed: 5 March 2017]. PustisÃÅ'Å’ek, M 2014. Scopes in Internet of Things, PortorozÃÅ'Å’, Slovenija, 1 (2), pp. 85-88. Skiba, D 2013. The Internet of Things (IoT). Education Perspectives, 34 (1), pp. 63-64. Meola, A. (2016) How IoT in education is changing the way we learn. Business Insider UK. Available from http://uk.businessinsider.com/internet-of-things-education-2016-9?r=USIR=T [Accessed 28 February 2017]. Microsoft. (2017). Microsoft Intune for Education supercharges schools with incredible device management powers.Microsoft News Centre. Available from https://news.microsoft.com/europe/2017/01/27/microsoft-intune-education-supercharges-schools-incredible-device-management-powers/#sm.00002x5lsmqk2fj611i1acyye9iys#2fX5CuYZ1wwtKGvV.97 [Accessed 2 March 2017] Microsoft Azure. (2017). What is Azure? Microsoft Azure. Available from https://azure.microsoft.com/en-gb/overview/what-is-azure/ [Accessed 1 March 2017] Microsoft in Education. (2017, January 24). Introducing Microsoft Intune for Education. Youtube. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukrnCwcLvV8 [Accessed 1 March 2017] Microsoft Intune. 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Comparing Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek Essa

Ethnic Identity of Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek  Ã‚      The novels The House on Mango Street (Cisneros 1984) and Woman Hollering Creek (Cisneros 1992) relate the new American through the eyes of Cisneros. The women in both novels are caught in the middle of their ethnic identity and their American identity, thus creating the "New American." Cisneros moved between Mexico and the United States often while growing up, thus making her feel "homeless and displaced" (Jones and Jorgenson 109). The House on Mango Street characterizes a community of girls and women restricted in their movements within the barrio. The roles of these girls and women are translated through the eyes of a child. When women in the barrio are confined, they can become a victim of abuse due to male domination. Women are confined to interior spaces in addition to their domestic roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. They live inside the barrio, but desire to escape and live outside the barrio. In addition, women can escape their restricted lifestyle by receiving an education. Esperanza, the child narrator is the only one who escapes this ethnic lifestyle (Mullen 6). In The House on Mango Street, the vignette "My Name," Esperanza was named after her great grandmother, desires a life outside her interior walls of the barrio. Esperanza’s name means hope in English, while it means sadness and waiting in Spanish. Her great grandmother was wild as a young lady, but was tamed by her Mexican husband. Cisneros states, "She looked out her window her whole life, the way so many women sit with sadness on an elbow . . . I have inherited her name, but I don’t want to inherit her place by the window" (11). Esperanza is proud of her namesake... ...il 1991. 22 Oct. 2000 False&origSearch=true&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Mullen, Harryette. "A Silence Between Us Like a Language: The Untranslatability of Experience in Sandra Cisneros’s Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Summer, 1996. 22 Oct. 2000 Galenet.com/servlet/GLD/hit?c=1&secondary=false&orig SearchTrue&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Olivares, Julian. "Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street and the Poetics of Space." Gale Literary Databases 1998. 14 Oct. 2000 <> Servlet/GLD/hits?c=6&secondary=false&origSearch=true& u=CA&†¦=>. "Sandra Cisneros." Contemporary Artists. Vol. 64. 1998. Wyatt, Jean. "On Not Being La Malinche: Border Negotiations of Gender in Sandra Cisneros’s Never Marry A Mexican and Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Fall 1995. 22 Oct. 2000 .    Comparing Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek Essa Ethnic Identity of Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek  Ã‚      The novels The House on Mango Street (Cisneros 1984) and Woman Hollering Creek (Cisneros 1992) relate the new American through the eyes of Cisneros. The women in both novels are caught in the middle of their ethnic identity and their American identity, thus creating the "New American." Cisneros moved between Mexico and the United States often while growing up, thus making her feel "homeless and displaced" (Jones and Jorgenson 109). The House on Mango Street characterizes a community of girls and women restricted in their movements within the barrio. The roles of these girls and women are translated through the eyes of a child. When women in the barrio are confined, they can become a victim of abuse due to male domination. Women are confined to interior spaces in addition to their domestic roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. They live inside the barrio, but desire to escape and live outside the barrio. In addition, women can escape their restricted lifestyle by receiving an education. Esperanza, the child narrator is the only one who escapes this ethnic lifestyle (Mullen 6). In The House on Mango Street, the vignette "My Name," Esperanza was named after her great grandmother, desires a life outside her interior walls of the barrio. Esperanza’s name means hope in English, while it means sadness and waiting in Spanish. Her great grandmother was wild as a young lady, but was tamed by her Mexican husband. Cisneros states, "She looked out her window her whole life, the way so many women sit with sadness on an elbow . . . I have inherited her name, but I don’t want to inherit her place by the window" (11). Esperanza is proud of her namesake... ...il 1991. 22 Oct. 2000 False&origSearch=true&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Mullen, Harryette. "A Silence Between Us Like a Language: The Untranslatability of Experience in Sandra Cisneros’s Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Summer, 1996. 22 Oct. 2000 Galenet.com/servlet/GLD/hit?c=1&secondary=false&orig SearchTrue&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Olivares, Julian. "Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street and the Poetics of Space." Gale Literary Databases 1998. 14 Oct. 2000 <> Servlet/GLD/hits?c=6&secondary=false&origSearch=true& u=CA&†¦=>. "Sandra Cisneros." Contemporary Artists. Vol. 64. 1998. Wyatt, Jean. "On Not Being La Malinche: Border Negotiations of Gender in Sandra Cisneros’s Never Marry A Mexican and Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Fall 1995. 22 Oct. 2000 .   

Monetary Policy Action Effect on Economy Essay

The Federal Reserve’s decision in August 2006 to leave interest rates unchanged underscores the degree of uncertainty in the U. S. economic establishment about the near future. For the past two years monetary policy more or less went on in a straightforward manner; the Fed’s policymakers raised their benchmark federal funds rate by a quarter point at 17 successive meetings as the economy emerged from a period when deflation looked a real threat back to a more normal world of strong growth and steadily rising inflation. Currently, there are, broadly, three views among economists about what happens next. The first, an optimistic assessment in keeping with recent economic history, favors the â€Å"soft landing† approach. The Fed has raised rates by just enough, according to this view, to restrain growth so as to squash inflation back into its box. The Fed funds rate now stands at 5. 25 per cent; with inflation in the 2. 5 per cent to three per cent range, that represents a real rate of about 2. 5 per cent, a reasonable amount of restraint. On this view, the Fed probably won’t have to do anything more on interest rates for the foreseeable future — just watch in satisfaction as the economy slows to its desired pace. The second view is pessimistic and fearful. It believes that the Fed has already gone too far. The housing market, the driver of so much demand for the global economy, is off sharply. Many Americans are desperately refinancing short-term adjustable rate mortgages they took out three years ago when rates were at historic lows. They are finding themselves with thousands of dollars less a year in disposable income than they had last year. Debt levels are sky high and the savings rate is negative. As consumers rebuild their tattered balance sheets, they will cut spending sharply, with catastrophic consequences. High oil prices are making matters even worse. On this assessment, the next move in rates will be down, if the Fed is to avert a really unpleasant shock to the economy. Some economists think the fed funds will be below 4. 5 per cent by the middle of next year as Ben Bernanke, the Fed chairman, struggles to avert a full-blown recession. The third view might be called fatalistic realism. It accepts the second proposition that, on current policies, a recession is coming, but insists that it is absolutely necessary and it says that the Fed, far from pressing on the economic accelerator, should keep its foot on the brake. For the Fed, and the world, a recession may be the price that now needs to be paid to avert a longer-term catastrophe (Baker).

Driving Policy For Elderly essays

Driving Policy For Elderly essays Picture this in your mind. Its a beautiful sunny day in the middle of nowhere, and theres not a single city or town for miles. Its a straight road that leads passed your eye distance disappearing into the horizon. Wouldnt you want to test your car to see how fast it really can go? Now picture this. Its a cold rainy day and your stuck behind a car thats moving as slow as molasses. Now wouldnt you get mad? What would your feelings be towards this? Wouldnt it be exhilarating to drive over a hundred miles an hour? So, do you think that elderly people should retake their drivers test? The problem with elderly people these days are because younger men and women believe that they can become a hazard among themselves and other drivers. Elderly people only have problems on the road when they arent able to perform their driving skills any longer. Like they might fall asleep at night during long distance driving because once you get older, you seem to feel more tired. Also, their weak bones and muscles. It might even be slow reactions because to brain begins to shut down when you get older and so does your body. I remember when my mother and I had left from one of my Hampstead Hoops basketball games, and after the game a chose to ride home with my mother. As time passed, I started to slowly close my eyes and fall asleep. At that point in time, I had no clue that we had got stuck behind someone driving slowly. When that one specific car pulled out in front of us, I could see the old persons figure in the glare from the incoming cars. Soon cars started to be bumper to bumper, almost like a Congo line at a party. My mother was hoping that the old person would turn soon because it was getting late and I still had homework to finish. To make a long story short, the old man, or woman stayed in front of us all the way from Manchester, NH. He or she was probably going around fo...

Essay on Code-switching an essential phenomenon of the bilingual world part 2

Essay on Code-switching an essential phenomenon of the bilingual world part 2 Essay on Code-switching: an essential phenomenon of the bilingual world part 2 Essay on Code-switching: an essential phenomenon of the bilingual world part 2Essay on Code-switching: an essential phenomenon of the bilingual world part 1Gal (1979) claims that code-switching is also used to express solidarity with certain group or emphasize certain point of view. Some scientists are of the opinion that code-switching serves a number of pragmatic purposes such as aggravating or mitigating the communicative situation or message of a person. Recent studies on the question of code-switching have shown that it takes place in both informal and formal contexts of the communicative process and has long become a norm for bilinguals. Code-switching is now an inseparable part of the bilingual world that is functionally motivated and serves to fulfill one’s communicative intents.As for the purposes of code-switching, there should be mentioned the following:Code-switching serves as expressing one’s culture as any language is a direct sign of someone’s belo nging to a certain cultural group.It serves to make one’s speech more emotional and full of certain feelings as for this or that event or situation.Code-switching may also perform a function of an invitation or some kind of connection to a person spoken to. It is a sign of a friendly attitude to the addressee.Code-switching often serves as an expression of one’s identity and relation to certain language group. It happens when a person really values his or her language and wants to show respect to the language he or she uses on a daily basis with family or friends.Some people, especially those who are not bilingual, use code-switching for a simple play with language, so as to diversify their speech and make it livelier. Such a trick also serves as making one’s speech more humorous; it often happens that certain jokes or sayings seem more appropriate and up to the topic in another language.In some cases, code-switching is an expression of resistance to the promoti on of monolingualism being practiced in many countries of the world. In this case, a bilingual person tries to emphasize that he or she is against some sort of discrimination towards those using two or more languages on a daily basis.Finally, code-switching is known to be a widespread literary device used by many authors for different purposes, such as expressing some jokes that sound better in another language or emphasizing the cultural adherence of the author to this or that community.It should be admitted that this phenomenon serves as means of diversifying one’s speech, making it more emotional and filling it with expressiveness. Thus, by switching from one language to another, a bilingual person does not only show his language competence, but also makes his or her speech more emotional and bright. This creates a positive impression of a person and often leads to better understanding between the parties involved in a conversation. In such a way, it can be concluded that code-switching has more positive features than negative ones. The above-mentioned aspects of code-switching and its purposes lead to a conclusion that switching from one language or dialect to another is rather a useful phenomenon that diversifies one’s speech making it more comprehensive to the parties involved in a conversation that probably belong to different age groups, professions or cultures. In this regard, it can be rightfully admitted that code-switching unites nations and serves for establishing the relationships between people.To conclude, the above research contains a full-fledged analysis of the question of code-switching and the purposes it serves in the process of communication. It needs to be admitted that the research has covered many questions that often occur when speaking about code-switching. Thus, the research provides a deep analysis of why code-switching cannot be considered a sign of language incompetence. In fact, it is rather a sign of one’s language capability as bilingualism is a truly miraculous linguistic phenomenon that is, however, often interpreted in a wrong way. The above research has covered the most vital questions concerning code-switching on the basis of findings and investigations of a number of reputable linguists. It should be said that a lot is still to be discussed and many questions are still to be answered. The above research represents an attempt to prove that code-switching does not imply one’s language incapacity, having a number of positive sides that should be taken into account. Code-switching is clearly a useful phenomenon that fills the speech of bilinguals with emotions and encourages the two parties involved in a conversation to understand each other better.

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Ethics - Essay Example What this essentially means is the premise that both Jack and Barb need to be given guidance so that they do not cross the ethical limits which have been set upon them by their parents, their families and the society in general. They must not forget that the problems are immense which they need to comprehend. The reasons available to justify how they are in the wrong come about when one comprehends the true meaning of living in for the teenagers, and since they are 21 and 20 years old, this becomes an even greater wrongdoing on their part. Jack and Barb should realize that they are spoiling their respective selves, and that they need to get their act together and start taking life as it is. More than that, they must be ethical within their domains because this is one element that they are missing out on within the entire scenario which has come about. Scenario 2: Russ and Jeremy are indeed doing something immoral to state the least. They have turned gays which is unbecoming of their personalities in essence. Even though they have not confessed to the world regarding their gay relationship, what they have done in reality is to let everyone know that they are not straight and have fallen for one another. Their relationship cannot be remarked as a right one because they would never be appreciated by the society and the people at large, let alone be termed as an acceptable relationship in the first place. Therefore they need to realize that no matter how long they conceal their gay identities, they will come out in the open and get revealed by someone else. Such things never remained for long (Choudhury, 2011). If they do march in gay parades, there would be less of the double standards that they have developed with the passage of time. This is because they cannot have two faces at the same time, and be termed as decent individuals at the same time. There is a lot of negativity within their personalities which is being documented by their actions on a consistent ba sis. If they march in gay parades, it would only be a forthright action on their part since they would be honestly bringing forward their corrective stance and publicizing the stance that they have regarding their gay relationship. It would not be a shock for the people who do know them and the latter would also know that they are being steadfast about the same subject. However, this will always remain an immoral and unethical act without any doubt. Scenario 3: One should believe that this city’s street must have its licenses revoked at the earliest. This is because anything which is committed in the name of immoral acts is wrong without any shadow of a doubt. There would be problems for the people as is the case in the present times. Even though the managers check the IDs, it would not resolve the issue which has cropped up with the passage of time. Young ones could use IDs of their elders and purchase pornographic stuff which is unethical and immoral for them to purchase an d later on watch. The role of the authorities at the helm of affairs within such contexts is an important one because they need to properly differentiate why and how this issue of selling pornographic stuff on the street must come to an end. It is destroying the mental capacities of the young ones, as well as making the elderly feel completely dependent on the purchase of the pornography that is being sold. These immoral acts on the part of the shop owners are shameful

Discussion Forum #7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Discussion Forum #7 - Essay Example miologists should entail gathering information on the people in the workplace such as their occupations and stations, and recognizing the demographic group that is mostly exposed; typically, this can lead to primary prevention as more information is gathered (NIOSH 2001). Nonetheless, secluding and recognizing the primary cases may not necessarily be a basis of preventing the disease. Chemical hazards have become very common, especially in working environments and they are big barrier to comprehensive hazard surveillance (NIOSH 2014). For instance, employees working at ports and other factory depots are familiar with chemical exposures from the shipping containers that produce residual gases especially prior to opening for unpacking. These situations call for evaluation of the exposures in order to identify the different breaks that epidemiologists can intervene and follow up for a solution that reduces or eliminates the exposures. The best method for countering chemical hazards should entail the specialist gathering information on acceptable limits of exposure, properties of the different chemicals and other related health factors that could be collaborating with a certain chemical (Barry 2011). Secondly, the epidemiologists need to device ways to use for medical surveillance, ensure personal and respiratory protection for the workers; additionally, it is significant that the sanitation practices are also included as part of the precautions. There are challenges experienced when dealing with chemical exposures as a hazard for disease surveillance; such as establishing places where there is critical exposure, and how to counter certain chemicals, most of which are not common. Nonetheless, it is advisable that the epidemiologists apply criteria from the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Regulations that entail how to deal with a vast range of chemicals such as asbestos, acetic acid, bromine among others that are not common (SWA 2014). People argue that there